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3.1.24 Neurology

1. Neurogenetics, hereditary and degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Epidemiology (prevalence and incidence), clinico-genetic analysis, clinical phenomenology, pathogenesis (molecular genetics, neurobiology, neurochemistry, diagnostic methods), treatment (etiotropic, pathogenetic, symptomatic therapy). 2. Pediatric neurology. Perinatal lesions of the nervous system, congenital anomalies of the nervous system development, psychomotor development disorders. Genetically determined diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. Extrapyramidal disorders of childhood. Diseases of accumulation and metabolism. 3. Vascular diseases of the nervous system. Epidemiology (prevalence and incidence). Etiology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, phenomenology of acute and chronic cerebrovascular pathology. Clinical, laboratory, instrumental, neuroimaging, neurophysiological, ultrasound diagnostic methods. Medication and non-medication, physical, psychotherapeutic, psychological methods of treatment, rehabilitation of patients with various vascular pathology of the nervous system. 4. Demyelinating diseases of the nervous system. Multiple sclerosis, acute multiple encephalomyelitis, opticonuromyelitis, idiopathic myelitis, optic neuritis, anti-MOG-associated encephalomyelitis, autoimmune encephalitis, Balo's sclerosis, Marburg's disease. Epidemiology (prevalence and incidence, establishment of registries), risk factors, pathogenesis (molecular biology, neurochemistry), biomarkers (oligo clonal antibodies, antibodies to aquaporin-1,4, antibodies to myelinoligodendrogliocyte glycoprotein, acidic fibrillary protein, anti-neuronal antibodies), diagnostic methods (neuroimaging, clinical biochemistry, neurophysiology, optical coherence tomography), development of diagnostic algorithms and prognosis of the course of the disease, treatment (pathogenetic, symptomatic therapy), development of protocols to assess the effectiveness and safety of treatment, validation of scales, rehabilitation, development of personalized approaches to therapy, organization of therapeutic and rehabilitation care. 5. Diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Epidemiology, phenomenology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases of the peripheral nervous system and the entire peripheral neuro-motor apparatus (clinic, neurophysiology of the peripheral neuro-motor apparatus and autonomous nervous system, neuroimaging, biochemistry, immunology, markers), prognosis, catamnesis, prevention, organization of care for patients with diseases of the peripheral neuro-motor apparatus. 6. Neurotraumatology. Development of classification, approaches to diagnosis, surgical and conservative treatment, methods of rehabilitation and restoration of disturbed functions. 7. Infectious diseases of the nervous system. Epidemiology (prevalence and incidence), etiology (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, prion lesions of the nervous system), clinic, diagnosis, peculiarities of therapy. Pathogenesis, prognosis, catamnesis, prevention, organization of care for patients with infectious diseases. 8. Vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system. Degenerative and dystrophic diseases of the spine. Primary and metastatic tumor diseases of the spine. Deformities (age-related, neurodegenerative) and traumatic injuries of the spine. Developmental anomalies of the spine. Studies of spinal biomechanics, functional neuroimaging studies. 9. Neurology of vegetative and neurotic disorders. Psychogenic disorders: anxiety, depressive, obsessive compulsive states. Epidemiology, diagnosis, tactics of patient management. 10. Somatoneurology. Nervous system damage in diseases of cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, neuroendocrine system, connective tissue, lung pathology, musculoskeletal system. Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, lesion semiotics, diagnosis, therapy. 11. Occupational diseases of the nervous system. Diagnosis, treatment, prevention of damage to the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of exposure to physical, chemical factors, physical overstrain. 12. Neurology of sleep and wakefulness disorders. Epidemiology (prevalence, incidence), clinical phenomenology and differential diagnosis (insomnias, hypersomnias, sleep apnea syndrome, dysomnias, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement syndrome, parasomnias), pathogenesis (neurophysiology, psychophysiology, neurochemistry, diagnostic methods, polyfunctional monitoring), neuroimaging, functional connectivity of the brain, treatment (pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological treatments, neuromodulatory therapy). 13. Neurology of epilepsy and paroxysmal disorders of consciousness. Epilepsy (etiology, epileptogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment). Epileptic seizures in diseases of the central nervous system. Epileptic encephalopathies. Paroxysmal motor disorders and disorders of consciousness. 14. Neurology of extreme states. Peculiarities of management of patients in an urgent state. Diagnosis and therapy. 15. Neurology of pain syndromes. Etiology, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the treatment and prevention of pain syndromes. 16. Neuro-oncology. Malignant and benign tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system, brain membranes. Etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, types of chemo-radiation, combined therapy, neurosurgical treatment. Rehabilitation treatment after surgical aid. Issues of prophylaxis. 17. Neurology of toxic and iatrogenic injuries of the nervous system. Diagnosis, therapy, tactics of management of patients with lesions of the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of toxic effects of chemopreparations, physical treatment methods, surgical, radiation exposure. 18. Neurogeriatrics. Medication and non-medication, physical, psychotherapeutic, psychological methods of treatment and correction of somatic and neurological status of elderly patients. Tolerability and safety of treatment, quality of life research, social adaptation and organization of therapeutic and rehabilitative care for elderly patients. 19. Neuroimaging and instrumental methods of research in neurology. Development of algorithms of investigation of patients with vascular, neurodegenerative, demyelinating and other diseases of the nervous system, using modern methods of neuroimaging (functional MRI, MR tractography, CT and MR perfusion, MR spectroscopy). Ultrasound, electrophysiologic, pathomorphologic methods of investigation of the central and peripheral nervous system. 20. Treatment of neurological patients and neurorehabilitation. Medication and non-medication, physical, psychotherapeutic, psychological methods of treatment, rehabilitation in diseases of the central, peripheral and vegetative nervous system, and associated diseases (comorbid patients), study of the mechanisms of action of medication and non-medication methods of treatment of diseases of the nervous system, tolerability and safety of treatment and rehabilitation of neurological patients, study of the quality of life and socialization of neurological patients, study of drug interactions. Treatment and rehabilitation after surgical interventions on the central, peripheral and autonomous nervous system, including the consequences of these surgical interventions. 21. organization of neurological care. Organization of therapeutic, preventive and rehabilitative care for patients with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. 22. Neurostomatology. Etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology of lesions of the central and peripheral nervous system associated with pathology of the dentoalveolar system. Clinical, laboratory, instrumental diagnostics. Medication and non-medication methods of treatment, rehabilitation. 23. Neuroreanimatology. Critical conditions in neurology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnostic approaches, tactics of patient management. 24. Study of the prevalence and peculiarities of the course of diseases of the nervous system, improvement of technologies of their prevention and treatment in the indigenous and native population in the Far North and equated areas